/zustand-patterns

name: zustand-patterns
license: MIT
compatibility: "Claude Code 2.1.251+."
description: "Reference for Zustand 5.x state management including slices, middleware, Immer, useShallow, persistence, selectors, and devtools integration. Documents 7 core patterns with TypeScript examples and anti-patterns. Use when building React state management with Zustand instead of Redux."
tags: [zustand, state-management, react, immer, middleware, persistence, slices]
context: inherit
agent: frontend-ui-developer
version: 1.0.0
allowed-tools: [Read, Write, Grep, Glob]
author: OrchestKit
user-invocable: false
disable-model-invocation: true
complexity: low
persuasion-type: reference
effort: low
targets:
  - library: zustand
    version: ">=5.0.0"
model: haiku
metadata:
  category: document-asset-creation
path_patterns: ["**/store/**", "**/stores/**", "*.store.*", "*.zustand.*"]

Zustand Patterns

Modern state management with Zustand 5.x - lightweight, TypeScript-first, no boilerplate.

Overview

• Global state without Redux complexity
• Shared state across components without prop drilling
• Persisted state with localStorage/sessionStorage
• Computed/derived state with selectors
• State that needs middleware (logging, devtools, persistence)

Upstream coverage (do not restate)

Zustand's own docs are the source for the mechanics. This skill carries only the OrchestKit delta on top of them, in `references/ork-delta.md`, the `rules/` files, and the checklist.

| Topic | First-party source | |-------|--------------------| | Basic store, `create<State>()()`, actions, async actions | https://github.com/pmndrs/zustand/blob/main/docs/reference/apis/create.md | | Slices pattern (splitting and combining stores) | https://github.com/pmndrs/zustand/blob/main/docs/learn/guides/slices-pattern.md | | Typing slices and middleware mutator tuples | https://github.com/pmndrs/zustand/blob/main/docs/learn/guides/advanced-typescript.md | | Immer middleware (draft mutations) | https://github.com/pmndrs/zustand/blob/main/docs/reference/middlewares/immer.md | | persist: `partialize`, `version`, `migrate`, `onRehydrateStorage`, storage adapters | https://github.com/pmndrs/zustand/blob/main/docs/reference/middlewares/persist.md | | devtools: action names, `enabled`, `serialize`, `trace` | https://github.com/pmndrs/zustand/blob/main/docs/reference/middlewares/devtools.md | | `subscribeWithSelector` and non-React subscriptions | https://github.com/pmndrs/zustand/blob/main/docs/reference/middlewares/subscribe-with-selector.md | | Selectors and `useShallow` re-render control | https://github.com/pmndrs/zustand/blob/main/docs/learn/guides/prevent-rerenders-with-use-shallow.md | | v4 to v5 migration (`createWithEqualityFn`, React 18 floor) | https://github.com/pmndrs/zustand/blob/main/docs/reference/migrations/migrating-to-v5.md | | SSR and hydration | https://github.com/pmndrs/zustand/blob/main/docs/learn/guides/ssr-and-hydration.md | | Store testing and reset | https://github.com/pmndrs/zustand/blob/main/docs/learn/guides/testing.md | | Server-state ownership (use TanStack Query, not Zustand) | https://tanstack.com/query/latest/docs/framework/react/guides/does-this-replace-client-state |

Quick Reference

// ✅ Create typed store with double-call pattern
const useStore = create<State>()((set, get) => ({ ... }));

// ✅ Use selectors for all state access
const count = useStore((s) => s.count);

// ✅ Use useShallow for multiple values (Zustand 5.x)
const { a, b } = useStore(useShallow((s) => ({ a: s.a, b: s.b })));

// ✅ Middleware order: immer → subscribeWithSelector → devtools → persist
create(persist(devtools(immer((set) => ({ ... })))))

// ❌ Never destructure entire store
const store = useStore(); // Re-renders on ANY change

// ❌ Never store server state (use TanStack Query instead)
const useStore = create((set) => ({ users: [], fetchUsers: async () => ... }));

Key Decisions

| Decision | Option A | Option B | Recommendation | |----------|----------|----------|----------------| | State structure | Single store | Multiple stores | **Slices in single store** - easier cross-slice access | | Nested updates | Spread operator | Immer middleware | **Immer** for deeply nested state (3+ levels) | | Persistence | Manual localStorage | persist middleware | **persist middleware** with partialize | | Multiple values | Multiple selectors | useShallow | **useShallow** for 2-5 related values | | Server state | Zustand | TanStack Query | **TanStack Query** - Zustand for client-only state | | DevTools | Always on | Conditional | **Conditional** - `enabled: process.env.NODE_ENV === 'development'` |

Anti-Patterns & Integration

Forbidden patterns (store destructuring, derived state, server state, direct mutation) and React Query integration guidance.

Load Read("references/anti-patterns-and-integration.md") for anti-pattern examples and TanStack Query separation patterns.

Related Skills

• `react-server-components-framework` - RSC hydration considerations with Zustand
• Server state: https://tanstack.com/query/latest/docs/framework/react/guides/does-this-replace-client-state
• Form state: https://react-hook-form.com/docs/useform

Capability Details

store-creation

**Keywords**: zustand, create, store, typescript, state **Solves**: Setting up type-safe Zustand stores with proper TypeScript inference

slices-pattern

**Keywords**: slices, modular, split, combine, StateCreator **Solves**: Organizing large stores into maintainable, domain-specific slices

middleware-stack

**Keywords**: immer, persist, devtools, middleware, compose **Solves**: Combining middleware in correct order for immutability, persistence, and debugging

selector-optimization

**Keywords**: selector, useShallow, re-render, performance, memoization **Solves**: Preventing unnecessary re-renders with proper selector patterns

persistence-migration

**Keywords**: persist, localStorage, sessionStorage, migrate, version **Solve