/intelligent-investor-graham

name: intelligent-investor-graham
description: Use Graham value investing for Is this investment or speculation, defensive
  stock screens, margin of safety, Mr. Market, allocation, funds, IPOs.
license: Skill distillation for personal/educational use. Do not reproduce source
  passages verbatim.

The Intelligent Investor — Skill (Benjamin Graham)

**Knowledge source:** *The Intelligent Investor* by Benjamin Graham, revised edition with commentary by Jason Zweig. **Architecture:** Orchestrator + 7 subskills. This file routes the user query; subskills execute the actual Graham workflows.

intelligent-investor-graham/
├── SKILL.md
├── quotes/
│   ├── market-philosophy-quotes.md
│   └── value-investing-quotes.md
└── subskills/
    ├── m1_investment_vs_speculation/
    │   ├── module.md
    │   └── references/case_library.md
    ├── m2_defensive_stock_screen/
    │   ├── module.md
    │   └── references/case_library.md
    ├── m3_margin_of_safety_pricing/
    │   ├── module.md
    │   └── references/case_library.md
    ├── m4_market_fluctuation_response/
    │   ├── module.md
    │   └── references/case_library.md
    ├── m5_portfolio_policy/
    │   ├── module.md
    │   └── references/case_library.md
    ├── m6_fund_adviser_ipo_review/
    │   ├── module.md
    │   └── references/case_library.md
    └── m7_enterprising_bargain_hunt/
        ├── module.md
        └── references/case_library.md

Skill Purpose

Use this skill to apply Graham's value-investing discipline to practical investor decisions: distinguishing investment from speculation, screening defensive stocks, estimating margin of safety, responding to market swings, setting portfolio policy, evaluating funds or advisers, and searching for enterprising-investor bargains.

This is not a market-forecasting, momentum-trading, tax-planning, or personalized financial-advice skill. Its job is to force businesslike analysis, conservative arithmetic, and temperament discipline before any action is labeled an investment.

When to Use This Skill

Invoke this skill when the user asks questions such as:

• "Is this stock worth buying under Graham's rules?"
• "Is this an investment or speculation?"
• "Does this company pass the defensive investor checklist?"
• "What price gives enough margin of safety?"
• "The stock or market dropped. Should I sell?"
• "How should I split my portfolio between stocks and bonds?"
• "Should I buy this fund, adviser product, IPO, SPAC, or hot growth story?"
• "How would Graham look for bargain stocks?"

CITATION RULES

Every substantive Graham-method claim must cite the original-text quote files when a module produces a final answer.

**Quote files:**

• `quotes/value-investing-quotes.md` — investment definition, margin of safety, Mr. Market, defensive allocation, price discipline, Graham's core principles.
• `quotes/market-philosophy-quotes.md` — market pendulum, earnings skepticism, IPO warnings, index funds, adviser conflicts, net-current-asset bargains, simplicity, historical humility.

**Citation format:**

> "Author's exact words here." > > — [*The Intelligent Investor*, cited excerpt](https://github.com/simbajigege/book2skills/blob/main/skills/intelligent-investor-graham/quotes/FILENAME.md#ANCHOR)

**Anchor mapping:**

• `value-investing-quotes.md`: `#buffett-endorses-graham`, `#investment-vs-speculation`, `#margin-of-safety`, `#mr-market`, `#mr-market-servant`, `#defensive-portfolio-split`, `#price-matters-more`, `#graham-core-principles`, `#the-future-value-depends-on-price`, `#no-need-for-extraordinary`
• `market-philosophy-quotes.md`: `#market-is-a-pendulum`, `#earnings-can-be-manipulated`, `#avoid-ipos`, `#index-funds-best`, `#advisers-misaligned`, `#net-current-asset-bargains`, `#simplicity-beats-cleverness`, `#santayana-warning`

**Rules:**

• Read the routed module's `references/case_library.md` for the relevant quote IDs.
• Include at least one citation per major section in substantive answers.
• Use only exact quotes from the quote files. Do not invent quotation text.
• If no exact quote fits, cite the closest anchor and state that the reasoning is a paraphrased Graham application.

Workflow Inventory

| Workflow | User question pattern | Inputs | Steps | Output | Independent trigger? | Distinct references? | Triage score | Should be subskill? | Reason | |---|---|---|---|---|---|---:|---:|---|---| | Investment/speculation classification | "Is this trade investing?" | Security, thesis, holding period, analysis, leverage, position sizing | Test analysis, principal safety, adequate return, promotional dependence | Investment/speculation verdict and boundary conditions | Yes | Yes | 4 | Yes | Foundation for every proposed purchase or trade. | | Defensive stock screen | "Does X pass Graham's defensive checklist?" | 10-year earnings, dividends, balance sheet, price, EPS, book value | Apply seven defensive criteria without soft averaging | Pass/fail table and disqualifiers | Yes | Yes | 4 | Yes | Distinct inputs, rules, and pass/fail artifact. | | Margin of safety pricing | "What price is attractive?" | Normalized earnings, assets, book value, debt, bond yield, current price | Estimate conservative value, discount, and no-buy zone | Buy zone, watch zone, avoid zone | Yes | Yes | 4 | Yes | Distinct valuation artifact. | | Market fluctuation response | "The stock dropped. Should I sell?" | Price change, business change, valuation, liquidity needs, leverage | Separate quotation from value; test impairment and forced-selling risk | Hold/add/reduce/sell framework | Yes | Yes | 4 | Yes | Distinct behavioral and sell-discipline workflow. | | Portfolio policy | "How should I allocate?" | Investor type, income need, effort, risk capacity, yields | Start at 50/50, apply 25/75 guardrails, rebalance | Allocation range and rebalancing rule | Yes | Yes | 4 | Yes | Different input type and output artifact. | | Fund/adviser/IPO review | "Should I buy this fund or IPO?" | Fees, incenti