/pyth

name: pyth
creator: raunit-dev
description: Complete guide for Pyth Network - decentralized oracle providing real-time price feeds for DeFi. Covers price feed integration, confidence intervals, EMA prices, on-chain CPI, off-chain fetching, and streaming updates for Solana applications.

Pyth Network Development Guide

Pyth Network is a decentralized oracle providing real-time price feeds for cryptocurrencies, equities, forex, and commodities. This guide covers integrating Pyth price feeds into Solana applications.

Overview

Pyth Network provides:

• **Real-Time Price Feeds** - 400ms update frequency with pull oracle model
• **Confidence Intervals** - Statistical uncertainty bounds for each price
• **EMA Prices** - Exponential moving average prices (~1 hour window)
• **Multi-Asset Support** - Crypto, equities, FX, commodities, indices
• **On-Chain Integration** - CPI for Solana programs
• **Off-Chain Integration** - HTTP and WebSocket APIs via Hermes

Program IDs

| Program | Address | Description | |---------|---------|-------------| | Solana Receiver | `rec5EKMGg6MxZYaMdyBfgwp4d5rB9T1VQH5pJv5LtFJ` | Posts price updates to Solana | | Price Feed | `pythWSnswVUd12oZpeFP8e9CVaEqJg25g1Vtc2biRsT` | Stores price feed data |

**Deployed on**: Solana Mainnet, Devnet, Eclipse Mainnet/Testnet, Sonic networks

Popular Price Feed IDs

| Asset | Hex Feed ID | |-------|-------------| | BTC/USD | `0xe62df6c8b4a85fe1a67db44dc12de5db330f7ac66b72dc658afedf0f4a415b43` | | ETH/USD | `0xff61491a931112ddf1bd8147cd1b641375f79f5825126d665480874634fd0ace` | | SOL/USD | `0xef0d8b6fda2ceba41da15d4095d1da392a0d2f8ed0c6c7bc0f4cfac8c280b56d` | | USDC/USD | `0xeaa020c61cc479712813461ce153894a96a6c00b21ed0cfc2798d1f9a9e9c94a` | | USDT/USD | `0x2b89b9dc8fdf9f34709a5b106b472f0f39bb6ca9ce04b0fd7f2e971688e2e53b` |

Full list: [https://pyth.network/developers/price-feed-ids](https://pyth.network/developers/price-feed-ids)

Quick Start

Installation

# TypeScript/JavaScript
npm install @pythnetwork/hermes-client @pythnetwork/pyth-solana-receiver

# Rust (add to Cargo.toml)
# pyth-solana-receiver-sdk = "0.3.0"

Fetch Price (Off-Chain)

import { HermesClient } from "@pythnetwork/hermes-client";

const client = new HermesClient("https://hermes.pyth.network");

const priceIds = [
  "0xe62df6c8b4a85fe1a67db44dc12de5db330f7ac66b72dc658afedf0f4a415b43", // BTC/USD
];

const priceUpdates = await client.getLatestPriceUpdates(priceIds);

for (const update of priceUpdates.parsed) {
  const price = update.price;
  const displayPrice = Number(price.price) * Math.pow(10, price.expo);
  console.log(`Price: $${displayPrice.toFixed(2)}`);
  console.log(`Confidence: ±${Number(price.conf) * Math.pow(10, price.expo)}`);
}

Use Price On-Chain (Rust/Anchor)

use anchor_lang::prelude::*;
use pyth_solana_receiver_sdk::price_update::PriceUpdateV2;

#[derive(Accounts)]
pub struct UsePrice<'info> {
    pub price_update: Account<'info, PriceUpdateV2>,
}

pub fn use_price(ctx: Context<UsePrice>) -> Result<()> {
    let price_update = &ctx.accounts.price_update;
    let clock = Clock::get()?;

    // Get price no older than 60 seconds
    let price = price_update.get_price_no_older_than(
        &clock,
        60, // max age in seconds
    )?;

    msg!("Price: {} × 10^{}", price.price, price.exponent);
    msg!("Confidence: ±{}", price.conf);

    Ok(())
}

---

Core Concepts

Price Structure

Each Pyth price contains:

| Field | Type | Description | |-------|------|-------------| | `price` | i64 | Price value in fixed-point format | | `conf` | u64 | Confidence interval (standard deviation) | | `expo` | i32 | Exponent for scaling (e.g., -8 means divide by 10^8) | | `publish_time` | i64 | Unix timestamp of price |

**Converting to display price:**

const displayPrice = price * Math.pow(10, expo);
// Example: price=19405100, expo=-2 → $194,051.00

Confidence Intervals

Confidence intervals represent the uncertainty in the reported price:

// Price is $50,000 ± $50 means:
// - 68% chance true price is between $49,950 - $50,050
// - Use confidence for risk management

const price = 50000;
const confidence = 50;

// Safe lower bound (conservative)
const safeLowerBound = price - confidence;

// Safe upper bound (conservative)
const safeUpperBound = price + confidence;

**Best Practice**: Reject prices with confidence > 2% of price:

const maxConfidenceRatio = 0.02; // 2%
const confidenceRatio = confidence / Math.abs(price);

if (confidenceRatio > maxConfidenceRatio) {
  throw new Error("Price confidence too wide");
}

EMA Prices

Exponential Moving Average prices smooth out short-term volatility:

• ~1 hour averaging window (5921 Solana slots)
• Weighted by inverse confidence (tight confidence = more weight)
• Good for: liquidations, collateral valuation
• Available as `ema_price` and `ema_conf`

// Use EMA for less volatile applications
const emaPrice = priceUpdate.emaPrice;
const emaConf = priceUpdate.emaConf;

---

Off-Chain Integration

Hermes Client

Hermes is the recommended way to fetch Pyth prices off-chain.

**Public Endpoint**: `https://hermes.pyth.network`

> For production, get a dedicated endpoint from a Pyth data provider.

Fetching Latest Prices

import { HermesClient } from "@pythnetwork/hermes-client";

const client = new HermesClient("https://hermes.pyth.network");

// Single price
const btcPrice = await client.getLatestPriceUpdates([
  "0xe62df6c8b4a85fe1a67db44dc12de5db330f7ac66b72dc658afedf0f4a415b43"
]);

// Multiple prices in one request
const prices = await client.getLatestPriceUpdates([
  "0xe62df6c8b4a85fe1a67db44dc12de5db330f7ac66b72dc658afedf0f4a415b43", // BTC
  "0xff61491a931112ddf1bd8147cd1b641375f79f5825126d665480874634fd0ace", // ETH
  "0xef0d8b6fda2ceba41da15d4095d1da392a0d2f8ed0c6c7bc0f4cfac8c280b56d", // SOL
]);

Streaming Real-Ti