/nextjs-zustand

name: nextjs-zustand
description: Use when implementing global state, stores, persist, or hydration in Next.js 16 App Router Client Components with Zustand v5.
versions:
  zustand: 5.0
  react: 19
  nextjs: 16
user-invocable: true
references: references/installation.md, references/store-patterns.md, references/hydration.md, references/middleware.md, references/nextjs-integration.md, references/typescript.md, references/slices.md, references/auto-selectors.md, references/reset-state.md, references/subscribe-api.md, references/testing.md, references/migration-v5.md
related-skills: nextjs-16, nextjs-tanstack-form, solid-nextjs

<objective> Implements Zustand v5 client-side state management in Next.js 16 App Router: the v5 currying syntax (`create<State>()((set) => ({...}))`), Context-based stores built with `createStore` from `zustand/vanilla` + `useRef` (required in App Router to avoid state leaking between requests — never a global store), and middleware composition (devtools → persist → immer, order-sensitive for TypeScript).

Covers `skipHydration` with the persist middleware plus manual rehydration in `useEffect` to avoid SSR mismatches, `useShallow` for array/object selectors, and SOLID file organization (`store.ts`, `store-provider.tsx`, `use-store.ts`). States explicitly that Zustand is Client-Components-only — never used in Server Components (fetch data directly there instead) and never used to persist auth tokens (use httpOnly cookies). Does not cover server state caching (see nextjs-tanstack-query for that). </objective>

Zustand for Next.js 16

Minimal, scalable state management with React 18+ useSyncExternalStore.

Agent Workflow (MANDATORY)

Before ANY implementation, spawn 3 agents in parallel, one `Agent` call each with a `name`:

1. **fuse-ai-pilot:explore-codebase** - Analyze existing stores and state patterns 2. **fuse-ai-pilot:research-expert** - Verify latest Zustand v5 docs via Context7/Exa 3. **mcp__context7__query-docs** - Check middleware and TypeScript patterns

After implementation, run **fuse-ai-pilot:sniper** for validation.

---

Overview

When to Use

• Managing client-side state in Next.js App Router applications
• Need global state across Client Components only
• Persisting state to localStorage/sessionStorage
• Building UI state (modals, sidebars, theme, cart)
• Replacing React Context for complex state

Why Zustand v5

| Feature | Benefit | |---------|---------| | Minimal API | Simple create() function, no boilerplate | | React 18 native | useSyncExternalStore, no shims needed | | TypeScript first | Full inference with currying pattern | | Middleware stack | devtools, persist, immer composable | | Bundle size | ~2KB gzipped, smallest state library | | No providers | Direct store access, no Context wrapper |

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Critical Rules

1. **Client Components ONLY** - Never use Zustand in Server Components 2. **Context pattern for App Router** - Avoid global stores (request isolation) 3. **useShallow for arrays/objects** - Prevent unnecessary re-renders 4. **skipHydration with persist** - Required for SSR compatibility 5. **Currying syntax v5** - `create<State>()((set) => ({...}))` 6. **SOLID paths** - Stores in `modules/[feature]/src/stores/`

---

SOLID Architecture

Module Structure

Stores organized by feature module:

• `modules/cores/stores/` - Shared stores (theme, ui)
• `modules/auth/src/stores/` - Auth state
• `modules/cart/src/stores/` - Cart state
• `modules/[feature]/src/interfaces/` - Store types

File Organization

| File | Purpose | |------|---------| | `store.ts` | Store creation with create() (max 40 lines, owner rule) | | `store.interface.ts` | TypeScript interfaces | | `store-provider.tsx` | Context provider (App Router) | | `use-store.ts` | Custom hook with selector |

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Key Concepts

Store Creation (v5 Syntax)

Double parentheses required for TypeScript inference. Currying pattern ensures full type safety.

Context-Based Stores

For Next.js App Router, wrap stores in Context to prevent request-sharing. Use `createStore` from `zustand/vanilla` with `useRef` for initialization.

Middleware Composition

Stack middlewares: devtools → persist → immer. Order matters for TypeScript types.

Hydration Handling

Use `skipHydration: true` with persist middleware. Manually rehydrate in useEffect to avoid SSR mismatches.

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Reference Guide

| Need | Reference | |------|-----------| | Initial setup | [installation.md](references/installation.md) | | Store patterns | [store-patterns.md](references/store-patterns.md) | | SSR/Hydration | [hydration.md](references/hydration.md) | | Middleware | [middleware.md](references/middleware.md) | | Next.js App Router | [nextjs-integration.md](references/nextjs-integration.md) | | TypeScript | [typescript.md](references/typescript.md) | | Slices pattern | [slices.md](references/slices.md) | | Auto selectors | [auto-selectors.md](references/auto-selectors.md) | | Reset state | [reset-state.md](references/reset-state.md) | | Subscribe API | [subscribe-api.md](references/subscribe-api.md) | | Testing | [testing.md](references/testing.md) | | Migration v4→v5 | [migration-v5.md](references/migration-v5.md) |

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Best Practices

1. **Selector pattern** - Always use `useStore((s) => s.field)` for performance 2. **useShallow** - Wrap array/object selectors to prevent re-renders 3. **Separate stores** - One store per domain (auth, cart, ui, theme) 4. **Server data elsewhere** - Use TanStack Query for server state 5. **DevTools in dev only** - Wrap devtools in process.env check 6. **Partialize persist** - Only persist necessary fields, never tokens

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Forbidden Patterns

| Pattern | Reason | Alternative | |---------|--------|-------------| | Global stores in App Router | Request sharing between users | Context-based stores | | Zustand in Server Components | No React hooks in RSC | Fetch data directly | | Persisting auth tokens | Security vulnerability | h