/delphi-patterns

name: "Delphi SOLID Patterns"
description: "SOLID implementation patterns for Delphi projects — Repository, Service, Factory, Strategy with constructor injection and interfaces"

Delphi SOLID Patterns — Skill

Use this skill when the user requests the creation of classes, services, repositories or any structure that follows SOLID principles in Delphi.

When to Use

• When creating a new domain **entity**
• When creating a **repository** (data access)
• When creating a **service** (business logic)
• When implementing a **use case**
• When applying any design pattern (Factory, Strategy, Observer)

Repository Pattern

Repository Interface

unit MeuApp.Domain.Customer.Repository.Intf;

interface

uses
  System.Generics.Collections,
  MeuApp.Domain.Customer.Entity;

type
  ///<summary>
  ///Interface for client reading operations.
  ///</summary>
  ICustomerReadRepository = interface
    ['{A1B2C3D4-E5F6-7890-ABCD-EF1234567890}']
    function FindById(AId: Integer): TCustomer;
    function FindAll: TObjectList<TCustomer>;
    function FindByCpf(const ACpf: string): TCustomer;
  end;

  ///<summary>
  ///Interface for client writing operations.
  ///</summary>
  ICustomerWriteRepository = interface
    ['{B2C3D4E5-F6A7-8901-BCDE-F12345678901}']
    procedure Insert(ACustomer: TCustomer);
    procedure Update(ACustomer: TCustomer);
    procedure Delete(AId: Integer);
  end;

  ///<summary>
  ///Complete repository interface combining reading and writing.
  ///</summary>
  ICustomerRepository = interface(ICustomerReadRepository)
    ['{C3D4E5F6-A7B8-9012-CDEF-123456789012}']
    procedure Insert(ACustomer: TCustomer);
    procedure Update(ACustomer: TCustomer);
    procedure Delete(AId: Integer);
  end;

implementation

end.

Implementation with FireDAC

unit MeuApp.Infra.Customer.Repository;

interface

uses
  System.SysUtils,
  System.Generics.Collections,
  FireDAC.Comp.Client,
  MeuApp.Domain.Customer.Entity,
  MeuApp.Domain.Customer.Repository.Intf;

type
  TCustomerRepository = class(TInterfacedObject, ICustomerRepository)
  private
    FConnection: TFDConnection;
  public
    constructor Create(AConnection: TFDConnection);

    { ICustomerReadRepository }
    function FindById(AId: Integer): TCustomer;
    function FindAll: TObjectList<TCustomer>;
    function FindByCpf(const ACpf: string): TCustomer;

    { ICustomerWriteRepository }
    procedure Insert(ACustomer: TCustomer);
    procedure Update(ACustomer: TCustomer);
    procedure Delete(AId: Integer);
  end;

implementation

constructor TCustomerRepository.Create(AConnection: TFDConnection);
begin
  inherited Create;
  if not Assigned(AConnection) then
    raise EArgumentNilException.Create('AConnection cannot be nil');
  FConnection := AConnection;
end;

function TCustomerRepository.FindById(AId: Integer): TCustomer;
var
  LQuery: TFDQuery;
begin
  Result := nil;
  LQuery := TFDQuery.Create(nil);
  try
    LQuery.Connection := FConnection;
    LQuery.SQL.Text := 'SELECT * FROM customers WHERE id = :id';
    LQuery.ParamByName('id').AsInteger := AId;
    LQuery.Open;

    if not LQuery.IsEmpty then
    begin
      Result := TCustomer.Create(LQuery.FieldByName('name').AsString);
      Result.Id := LQuery.FieldByName('id').AsInteger;
    end;
  finally
    LQuery.Free;
  end;
end;

//... other methods follow the same pattern

Service Pattern

Service Interface

unit MeuApp.Application.Customer.Service.Intf;

interface

uses
  MeuApp.Domain.Customer.Entity;

type
  ICustomerService = interface
    ['{D4E5F6A7-B8C9-0123-DEF0-234567890123}']
    function GetById(AId: Integer): TCustomer;
    procedure CreateCustomer(const AName: string; const ACpf: string);
    procedure UpdateCustomer(ACustomer: TCustomer);
    procedure DeleteCustomer(AId: Integer);
  end;

implementation

end.

Service Implementation

unit MeuApp.Application.Customer.Service;

interface

uses
  System.SysUtils,
  MeuApp.Domain.Customer.Entity,
  MeuApp.Domain.Customer.Repository.Intf,
  MeuApp.Application.Customer.Service.Intf;

type
  ///<summary>
  ///Customer service with dependency validation and orchestration.
  ///</summary>
  TCustomerService = class(TInterfacedObject, ICustomerService)
  private
    FRepository: ICustomerRepository;
    procedure ValidateCpf(const ACpf: string);
  public
    constructor Create(ARepository: ICustomerRepository);
    function GetById(AId: Integer): TCustomer;
    procedure CreateCustomer(const AName: string; const ACpf: string);
    procedure UpdateCustomer(ACustomer: TCustomer);
    procedure DeleteCustomer(AId: Integer);
  end;

implementation

constructor TCustomerService.Create(ARepository: ICustomerRepository);
begin
  inherited Create;
  if not Assigned(ARepository) then
    raise EArgumentNilException.Create('ARepository cannot be nil');
  FRepository := ARepository;
end;

function TCustomerService.GetById(AId: Integer): TCustomer;
begin
  Result := FRepository.FindById(AId);
  if not Assigned(Result) then
    raise EEntityNotFoundException.CreateFmt('Customer not found: %d', [AId]);
end;

procedure TCustomerService.CreateCustomer(const AName: string; const ACpf: string);
var
  LCustomer: TCustomer;
  LExisting: TCustomer;
begin
  ValidateCpf(ACpf);

  LExisting := FRepository.FindByCpf(ACpf);
  if Assigned(LExisting) then
    raise EBusinessRuleException.CreateFmt('CPF already registered: %s', [ACpf]);

  LCustomer := TCustomer.Create(AName);
  try
    LCustomer.Cpf := ACpf;
    FRepository.Insert(LCustomer);
  except
    LCustomer.Free;
    raise;
  end;
end;

procedure TCustomerService.ValidateCpf(const ACpf: string);
const
  CPF_LENGTH = 11;
begin
  if ACpf.Trim.IsEmpty then
    raise EValidationException.Create('CPF cannot be empty');
  if ACpf.Length <> CPF_LENGTH then
    raise EValidationException.CreateFmt('CPF must have %d digits', [CPF_LENGTH]);
end;

//...other methods

Factory Pattern

unit MeuApp.Infra.Fact