/usfiscaldata

name: usfiscaldata
description: Queries the U.S. Treasury Fiscal Data REST API for federal financial data. No API key required. Use for national debt (Debt to the Penny), Daily Treasury Statements, Monthly Treasury Statements, Treasury securities auctions, interest rates, foreign exchange rates, savings bonds, or U.S. government revenue and spending statistics.
license: MIT
compatibility: Requires Python 3.10+ with requests and pandas for Python examples; R with httr and jsonlite for R examples. Requires network access; no credentials.
allowed-tools: Read Write Edit Bash
metadata:
  version: "1.5"
  last-reviewed: "2026-09-30"
  skill-author: K-Dense Inc.

U.S. Treasury Fiscal Data API

Free, open REST API from the U.S. Department of the Treasury for federal financial data. No API key or registration required.

**Base URL:** `https://api.fiscaldata.treasury.gov/services/api/fiscal_service`

Browse [the current dataset catalog](https://fiscaldata.treasury.gov/datasets/) via the dataset search. Verify endpoint paths on each dataset's API Quick Guide — paths change over time.

Installation

uv pip install requests pandas

Quick Start

import requests
import pandas as pd

BASE_URL = "https://api.fiscaldata.treasury.gov/services/api/fiscal_service"

# Get the current national debt (Debt to the Penny)
resp = requests.get(f"{BASE_URL}/v2/accounting/od/debt_to_penny", params={
    "sort": "-record_date",
    "page[size]": 1
}, timeout=30)
resp.raise_for_status()
data = resp.json()["data"][0]
print(f"Total public debt as of {data['record_date']}: ${float(data['tot_pub_debt_out_amt']):,.0f}")

# Preview Treasury exchange-rate rows for recent quarters (first page only)
resp = requests.get(f"{BASE_URL}/v1/accounting/od/rates_of_exchange", params={
    "fields": "country_currency_desc,exchange_rate,record_date,effective_date",
    "filter": "record_date:gte:2024-01-01",
    "sort": "-record_date",
    "page[size]": 100
}, timeout=30)
resp.raise_for_status()
df = pd.DataFrame(resp.json()["data"])

Authentication

None required. The API is fully open and free.

Core Parameters

| Parameter | Example | Description | |-----------|---------|-------------| | `fields=` | `fields=record_date,tot_pub_debt_out_amt` | Select specific columns | | `filter=` | `filter=record_date:gte:2024-01-01` | Filter records | | `sort=` | `sort=-record_date` | Sort (prefix `-` for descending) | | `format=` | `format=json` | Output format: `json`, `csv`, `xml` | | `page[size]=` | `page[size]=100` | Records per page (default 100) | | `page[number]=` | `page[number]=2` | Page index (starts at 1) |

**Filter operators:** `lt`, `lte`, `gt`, `gte`, `eq`, `in`

# Multiple filters separated by comma
"filter=country_currency_desc:in:(Canada-Dollar,Mexico-Peso),record_date:gte:2024-01-01"

Key Datasets & Endpoints

Debt

| Dataset | Endpoint | Frequency | |---------|----------|-----------| | Debt to the Penny | `/v2/accounting/od/debt_to_penny` | Daily | | Historical Debt Outstanding | `/v2/accounting/od/debt_outstanding` | Annual | | Schedules of Federal Debt | `/v1/accounting/od/schedules_fed_debt` | Monthly |

Daily & Monthly Statements

| Dataset | Endpoint | Frequency | |---------|----------|-----------| | DTS Operating Cash Balance | `/v1/accounting/dts/operating_cash_balance` | Daily | | DTS Deposits & Withdrawals | `/v1/accounting/dts/deposits_withdrawals_operating_cash` | Daily | | Monthly Treasury Statement (MTS) | `/v1/accounting/mts/mts_table_1` (18 tables — see [datasets-fiscal.md](references/datasets-fiscal.md)) | Monthly |

Interest Rates & Exchange

| Dataset | Endpoint | Frequency | |---------|----------|-----------| | Average Interest Rates on Treasury Securities | `/v2/accounting/od/avg_interest_rates` | Monthly | | Treasury Reporting Rates of Exchange | `/v1/accounting/od/rates_of_exchange` | Quarterly | | Interest Expense on Public Debt | `/v2/accounting/od/interest_expense` | Monthly |

**Exchange-rate interpretation:** Treasury Reporting Rates are foreign-currency units per USD, so divide a foreign-currency amount by the rate to obtain USD (and multiply USD to obtain foreign currency). These are government reporting rates, not live trading quotes. Preserve both `record_date` and `effective_date`, and check amendments before applying a rate to a reporting period.

Securities & Auctions

| Dataset | Endpoint | Frequency | |---------|----------|-----------| | Treasury Securities Auctions Data | `/v1/accounting/od/auctions_query` | As Needed | | Treasury Securities Upcoming Auctions | `/v1/accounting/od/upcoming_auctions` | As Needed | | Treasury Securities Buybacks | `/v1/accounting/od/buybacks_operations` | As Needed |

Savings Bonds

| Dataset | Endpoint | Frequency | |---------|----------|-----------| | I Bonds Interest Rates | `/v1/accounting/od/i_bonds_interest_rates` | Semi-Annual | | Savings Bonds Issues, Redemptions & Maturities | `/v1/accounting/od/savings_bonds_report` | Monthly |

Response Structure

{
  "data": [...],
  "meta": {
    "count": 100,
    "total-count": 3790,
    "total-pages": 38,
    "labels": {"field_name": "Human Readable Label"},
    "dataTypes": {"field_name": "STRING|NUMBER|DATE|CURRENCY"},
    "dataFormats": {"field_name": "String|10.2|YYYY-MM-DD"}
  },
  "links": {"self": "...", "first": "...", "prev": null, "next": "...", "last": "..."}
}

**Note:** Data-row values are returned as strings; metadata counts are JSON numbers. Convert as needed (e.g., `float()`, `pd.to_datetime()`). Null values appear as the string `"null"`.

Common Patterns

Load all pages into a DataFrame

Use the bounded `fetch_all()` helper in [parameters.md](references/parameters.md). For small result sets, a single request with `page[size]=10000` may suffice when `meta.total-pages` is 1.

# Single-page fetch when total-pages == 1
params = {"sort": "-record_date", "page[size]": 10000}
r