/kb-framework-accessibility

name: kb-framework-accessibility
description: Reference data, not a reviewer. Framework-specific accessibility patterns and fix templates for React, Vue, Angular, Svelte, Next.js, and Tailwind CSS.
license: MIT
disable-model-invocation: true
user-invocable: false
metadata:
  tier: reference
  domain: cross-cutting
  output: none
  effort: low
  title: Framework Accessibility

Framework-Specific Accessibility Patterns

React / Next.js

Common Pitfalls

Each pattern, with its issue and fix.

| Pattern | Issue | Fix | |---------|-------|-----| | `onClick` on `<div>` | Not keyboard accessible | Use `<button>` or add `role="button"`, `tabIndex={0}`, `onKeyDown` | | `dangerouslySetInnerHTML` | May inject inaccessible content | Audit injected HTML for ARIA, headings, alt text | | `React.Fragment` as root | May break landmark tree | Ensure fragments don't interrupt landmark nesting | | Missing `key` on lists | Can cause focus loss on re-render | Use stable keys (not array index) for interactive lists | | Portal without focus trap | Focus can escape to background | Wrap portal content in `FocusTrap` component | | `useEffect` focus management | Focus may not fire on mount | Use `useRef` + `useEffect` with proper dependency array |

Fix Templates

// Bad: div as button
<div onClick={handleClick}>Submit</div>

// Good: semantic button
<button onClick={handleClick}>Submit</button>

// Bad: image without alt in Next.js
<Image src="/hero.jpg" width={800} height={400} />

// Good: image with alt
<Image src="/hero.jpg" width={800} height={400} alt="Team collaborating in a modern office" />

// Bad: no focus management on route change
useEffect(() => {
  // nothing
}, [location]);

// Good: focus management on route change
useEffect(() => {
  const mainContent = document.getElementById('main-content');
  if (mainContent) {
    mainContent.focus();
    mainContent.scrollIntoView();
  }
}, [location]);

// Bad: link opening new tab
<a href={url} target="_blank">Resource</a>

// Good: link with new tab warning
<a href={url} target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">
  Resource <span className="sr-only">(opens in new tab)</span>
</a>

Vue

Common Pitfalls

Each pattern, with its issue and fix.

| Pattern | Issue | Fix | |---------|-------|-----| | `v-html` with user content | May inject inaccessible markup | Sanitize and audit injected HTML | | `v-if` on live regions | Removes element from DOM, breaks announcements | Use `v-show` for live regions instead | | `<transition>` without focus | Focus lost when content transitions | Manage focus in `@after-enter` hook | | `<teleport>` to body | Content outside app landmark tree | Add landmark roles to teleported content |

Fix Templates

<!-- Bad: v-if on live region -->
<div v-if="message" aria-live="polite">{{ message }}</div>

<!-- Good: v-show keeps element in DOM -->
<div v-show="message" aria-live="polite">{{ message }}</div>

<!-- Bad: no focus after transition -->
<transition name="fade">
  <div v-if="showModal" class="modal">...</div>
</transition>

<!-- Good: focus managed after transition -->
<transition name="fade" @after-enter="focusModal">
  <div v-if="showModal" ref="modal" class="modal" tabindex="-1">...</div>
</transition>

Angular

Common Pitfalls

Each pattern, with its issue and fix.

| Pattern | Issue | Fix | |---------|-------|-----| | `[aria-label]` binding | Invalid - ARIA is not a property | Use `[attr.aria-label]` | | `*ngFor` without `trackBy` | Focus loss on list re-render | Add `trackBy` function | | No `LiveAnnouncer` | Route changes not announced | Inject `LiveAnnouncer` and announce navigation | | `OnPush` + live regions | Change detection may not trigger | Use `ChangeDetectorRef.markForCheck()` |

Fix Templates

// Bad: ARIA binding
<button [aria-label]="label">X</button>

// Good: ARIA attribute binding
<button [attr.aria-label]="label">X</button>

// Bad: ngFor without trackBy
<li *ngFor="let item of items">{{ item.name }}</li>

// Good: ngFor with trackBy
<li *ngFor="let item of items; trackBy: trackById">{{ item.name }}</li>

// Route change announcements
constructor(private liveAnnouncer: LiveAnnouncer, private router: Router) {
  this.router.events.pipe(
    filter(event => event instanceof NavigationEnd)
  ).subscribe((event: NavigationEnd) => {
    this.liveAnnouncer.announce(`Navigated to ${this.getPageTitle()}`);
  });
}

Svelte

Common Pitfalls

Each pattern, with its issue and fix.

| Pattern | Issue | Fix | |---------|-------|-----| | `{#if}` without focus management | Focus lost when content appears | Use `use:action` to focus new content | | `transition:` without motion check | Animations play regardless of user preference | Add `prefers-reduced-motion` check | | `on:click` on non-interactive | Not keyboard accessible | Use `<button>` or add keyboard handlers |

Fix Templates

<!-- Bad: click on div -->
<div on:click={toggle}>Toggle</div>

<!-- Good: keyboard accessible -->
<button on:click={toggle}>Toggle</button>

<!-- Bad: animation without motion preference -->
<div transition:fly={{ y: 200 }}>Content</div>

<!-- Good: respects motion preference -->
<div transition:fly={{ y: reducedMotion ? 0 : 200, duration: reducedMotion ? 0 : 300 }}>Content</div>

<script>
  const reducedMotion = window.matchMedia('(prefers-reduced-motion: reduce)').matches;
</script>

Tailwind CSS

Common Pitfalls

Each pattern, with its issue and fix.

| Pattern | Issue | Fix | |---------|-------|-----| | `outline-none` | Removes focus indicator | Pair with `ring-2 ring-offset-2 focus-visible:ring-blue-500` | | `text-gray-400` on `bg-white` | Fails 4.5:1 contrast | Use `text-gray-600` or darker | | No `motion-reduce:` variant | Animations ignore user preference | Add `motion-reduce:transition-none` | | Missing `focus:` styles | No visible focus indicator | Add `focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500` | | `sr-only` missing | Screen read