/seo-images

name: seo-images
description: >
  Image optimization analysis for SEO and performance. Checks alt text, file
  sizes, formats, responsive images, lazy loading, CLS prevention, image SERP
  rankings (via DataForSEO), and image file optimization (WebP/AVIF conversion,
  IPTC/XMP metadata injection). Use when user says "image optimization",
  "alt text", "image SEO", "image size", "image audit", "optimize images",
  "image metadata", "image SERP", "convert to webp", or "image file optimize".
user-invokable: true
argument-hint: "[url]"
license: MIT
metadata:
  author: AgriciDaniel
  version: "1.9.6"
  category: seo

Image Optimization Analysis

Shared Data Cache

**Step 0 -- Check shared data cache:**

Before gathering, check `.seo-cache/` for reusable context from related SEO skills. Reference: `../seo/references/shared-data-cache.md` for schemas and dependency map.

Check these cache files when present:

• `.seo-cache/site-meta.json` for domain, business type, industry, and crawl context
• `.seo-cache/audit-scores.json` for prior full-audit priorities
• `.seo-cache/pages/{url-slug}/page-analysis.json` for page-level context when a URL is provided

• If found: parse and use clearly valid fields (note "Using cached [X] from [date]")
• If missing, corrupt, or irrelevant: continue with fresh evidence
• If the user says "refresh" or "re-run": ignore cache reads and overwrite on write

Checks

Alt Text

• Present on all `<img>` elements (except decorative: `role="presentation"`)
• Descriptive: describes the image content, not "image.jpg" or "photo"
• Includes relevant keywords where natural, not keyword-stuffed
• Length: 10-125 characters

**Good examples:**

• "Professional plumber repairing kitchen sink faucet"
• "Red 2024 Toyota Camry sedan front view"
• "Team meeting in modern office conference room"

**Bad examples:**

• "image.jpg" (filename, not description)
• "plumber plumbing plumber services" (keyword stuffing)
• "Click here" (not descriptive)

File Size

**Tiered thresholds by image category:**

| Image Category | Target | Warning | Critical | |----------------|--------|---------|----------| | Thumbnails | < 50KB | > 100KB | > 200KB | | Content images | < 100KB | > 200KB | > 500KB | | Hero/banner images | < 200KB | > 300KB | > 700KB |

Recommend compression to target thresholds where possible without quality loss.

Format

| Format | Browser Support | Use Case | |--------|-----------------|----------| | WebP | 97%+ | Default recommendation | | AVIF | 92%+ | Best compression, newer | | JPEG | 100% | Fallback for photos | | PNG | 100% | Graphics with transparency | | SVG | 100% | Icons, logos, illustrations |

Recommend WebP/AVIF over JPEG/PNG. Check for `<picture>` element with format fallbacks.

Recommended `<picture>` Element Pattern

Use progressive enhancement with the most efficient format first:

<picture>
  <source srcset="image.avif" type="image/avif">
  <source srcset="image.webp" type="image/webp">
  <img src="image.jpg" alt="Descriptive alt text" width="800" height="600" loading="lazy" decoding="async">
</picture>

The browser will use the first supported format. Current browser support: AVIF 93.8%, WebP 95.3%.

JPEG XL: Emerging Format

In November 2025, Google's Chromium team reversed its 2022 decision and announced it will restore JPEG XL support in Chrome using a Rust-based decoder. The implementation is feature-complete but not yet in Chrome stable. JPEG XL offers lossless JPEG recompression (~20% savings with zero quality loss) and competitive lossy compression. Not yet practical for web deployment, but worth monitoring for future adoption.

Responsive Images

• `srcset` attribute for multiple sizes
• `sizes` attribute matching layout breakpoints
• Appropriate resolution for device pixel ratios

<img
  src="image-800.jpg"
  srcset="image-400.jpg 400w, image-800.jpg 800w, image-1200.jpg 1200w"
  sizes="(max-width: 600px) 400px, (max-width: 1200px) 800px, 1200px"
  alt="Description"
>

Lazy Loading

• `loading="lazy"` on below-fold images
• Do NOT lazy-load above-fold/hero images (hurts LCP)
• Check for native vs JavaScript-based lazy loading

<!-- Below fold - lazy load -->
<img src="photo.jpg" loading="lazy" alt="Description">

<!-- Above fold - eager load (default) -->
<img src="hero.jpg" alt="Hero image">

`fetchpriority="high"` for LCP Images

Add `fetchpriority="high"` to your hero/LCP image to prioritize its download in the browser's network queue:

<img src="hero.webp" fetchpriority="high" alt="Hero image description" width="1200" height="630">

**Critical:** Do NOT lazy-load above-the-fold/LCP images. Using `loading="lazy"` on LCP images directly harms LCP scores. Reserve `loading="lazy"` for below-the-fold images only.

`decoding="async"` for Non-LCP Images

Add `decoding="async"` to non-LCP images to prevent image decoding from blocking the main thread:

<img src="photo.webp" alt="Description" width="600" height="400" loading="lazy" decoding="async">

CLS Prevention

• `width` and `height` attributes set on all `<img>` elements
• `aspect-ratio` CSS as alternative
• Flag images without dimensions

<!-- Good - dimensions set -->
<img src="photo.jpg" width="800" height="600" alt="Description">

<!-- Good - CSS aspect ratio -->
<img src="photo.jpg" style="aspect-ratio: 4/3" alt="Description">

<!-- Bad - no dimensions -->
<img src="photo.jpg" alt="Description">

File Names

• Descriptive: `blue-running-shoes.webp` not `IMG_1234.jpg`
• Hyphenated, lowercase, no special characters
• Include relevant keywords

CDN Usage

• Check if images served from CDN (different domain, CDN headers)
• Recommend CDN for image-heavy sites
• Check for edge caching headers

Output

Image Audit Summary

| Metric | Status | Count | |--------|--------|-------| | Total Images | - | XX | | Missing Alt Text | ❌ | XX | | Oversized (>200KB) | ⚠️ | XX | | Wrong